115 interactions on record
Concomitant use of strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (such as boceprevir, clarithromycin, conivaptan, indinavir, itraconazole, ketoconazole, lopinavir/ritonavir, nefazodone, nelfinavir, posaconazole, ritonavir, saquinavir, telaprevir, telithromycin, tipranavir/ritonavir, voriconazole) with lomitapide is contraindicated.
Source: FDA drug label - lomitapide mesylate
( 7.2 ) 7.1 Effects of Other Drugs on Ranolazine Strong CYP3A Inhibitors Do not use ranolazine with strong CYP3A inhibitors, including ketoconazole, itraconazole, clarithromycin, nefazodone, nelfinavir, ritonavir, indinavir, and saquinavir [see Contraindications (4) , Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ].
Source: FDA drug label - ranolazine
In vivo studies Do not use vardenafil orally disintegrating tablet with moderate and strong CYP3A4 inhibitors such as erythromycin, grapefruit juice, clarithromycin, ketoconazole, itraconazole, indinavir, saquinavir, atazanavir, ritonavir as the systemic concentration of vardenafil is increased in their presence [see Warnings and Precautions (5) and Dosage and Administration ( 2.4 )] .
Source: FDA drug label - vardenafil
Avoid taking a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor (e.g., ketoconazole, itraconazole, clarithromycin, atazanavir, indinavir, nefazodone, nelfinavir, ritonavir, saquinavir, telithromycin, voriconazole) while taking COMETRIQ or reduce the dosage of COMETRIQ if concomitant use with strong CYP3A4 inhibitors cannot be avoided [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.2 ), Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.3 )] . Monitor patients for increased toxicity when MRP2 inhibitors (e.g., abacavir, adefovir, cidofovir, furosemide, lamivudine, nevirapine, ritonavir, probenecid, saquinavir, and tenofovir) are co-administered with COMETRIQ [see Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.3 )] .
Source: FDA drug label - cabozantinib
Examples: cyclosporine, gemfibrozil, antiretrovirals (atazanavir, lopinavir, ritonavir, saquinavir, tipranavir), rifampin, eltrombopag Drugs that Cause Constipation Clinical Impact: Increased risk for constipation related adverse reactions and potential for constipation related serious adverse reactions Intervention: Avoid use with other drugs that may cause constipation (see below); loperamide may be used occasionally for acute management of severe diarrhea but avoid chronic use.
Source: FDA drug label - eluxadoline
Avoid co-administering erlotinib with strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., boceprevir, clarithromycin, conivaptan, indinavir, itraconazole, ketoconazole, lopinavir/ritonavir, nefazodone, nelfinavir, posaconazole, ritonavir, saquinavir, telithromycin, voriconazole, grapefruit or grapefruit juice) or a combined CYP3A4 and CYP1A2 inhibitor (e.g., ciprofloxacin).
Source: FDA drug label - erlotinib
Avoid co-administering erlotinib tablets with strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., boceprevir, clarithromycin, conivaptan, indinavir, itraconazole, ketoconazole, lopinavir/ritonavir, nefazodone, nelfinavir, posaconazole, ritonavir, saquinavir, telithromycin, voriconazole, grapefruit or grapefruit juice) or a combined CYP3A4 and CYP1A2 inhibitor (e.g., ciprofloxacin).
Source: FDA drug label - erlotinib hydrochloride
Increased exposure of other antiretroviral drugs (e.g., saquinavir) when used concomitantly with omeprazole may increase toxicity [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] . Avoid concomitant use of TALICIA with amprenavir, indinavir, lopinavir/ritonavir, saquinavir/ritonavir, ritonavir, tipranavir/ritonavir, fosamprenavir/ritonavir, or nelfinavir [see Warnings and Precautions (5.7) ] .
Source: FDA drug label - omeprazole magnesium, amoxicillin and rifabutin
Avoid concomitant use of strong CYP3A inhibitors (e.g., clarithromycin, indinavir, itraconazole, ketoconazole, lopinavir/ritonavir, nefazodone, nelfinavir, posaconazole, ritonavir, saquinavir, telaprevir, telithromycin, and voriconazole).
Source: FDA drug label - palbociclib
Drug Interactions Pharmacodynamic Interactions Healthy subjects who received rifampin 600 mg once daily concomitantly with saquinavir 1000 mg/ritonavir 100 mg twice daily (ritonavir-boosted saquinavir) developed severe hepatocellular toxicity. Tipranavir Fosamprenavir Administered with rifampin 300 mg daily Decrease AUC by 82% Saquinavir Decrease AUC by 70% Coadministration may result in severe hepatocellular toxicity.
Source: FDA drug label - rifampin
7 DRUG INTERACTIONS When co-administering ritonavir with other protease inhibitors (atazanavir, darunavir, fosamprenavir, saquinavir, and tipranavir), see the full prescribing information for that protease inhibitor including important information for drug interactions. HIV-1 Protease Inhibitor: saquinavir ↑ saquinavir See the complete prescribing information for saquinavir for details on co-administration of saquinavir and ritonavir. Saquinavir/ritonavir in combination with rifampin is not recommended due to the risk of severe hepatotoxicity (presenting as increased hepatic transaminases) if the three drugs are given together.
Source: FDA drug label - ritonavir
7 DRUG INTERACTIONS When co-administering ritonavir with other protease inhibitors (atazanavir, darunavir, fosamprenavir, saquinavir, and tipranavir), see the full prescribing information for that protease inhibitor including important information for drug interactions. HIV-1 Protease Inhibitor: saquinavir ↑ saquinavir See the complete prescribing information for saquinavir for details on co-administration of saquinavir and ritonavir. Saquinavir/ritonavir in combination with rifampin is not recommended due to the risk of severe hepatotoxicity (presenting as increased hepatic transaminases) if the three drugs are given together.
Source: FDA drug label - ritonavir 100 mg
Avoid use of strong inhibitors of CYP3A (e.g., ketoconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, clarithromycin, nefazodone, ritonavir, saquinavir, nelfinavir, indinavir, atazanavir and telithromycin) [see Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.3 )] .
Source: FDA drug label - ticagrelor
Caution should be exercised when considering the co-administration of AIRSUPRA with long-term ketoconazole and other known strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., ritonavir, atazanavir, clarithromycin, indinavir, itraconazole, nefazodone, nelfinavir, saquinavir, telithromycin) [see Warnings and Precautions (5.11) ] .
Source: FDA drug label - albuterol sulfate and budesonide
Caution should be exercised when considering the coadministration of BREYNA with long-term ketoconazole and other known strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., ritonavir, atazanavir, clarithromycin, indinavir, itraconazole, nefazodone, nelfinavir, saquinavir, telithromycin) [see Warnings and Precautions (5.9) ] .
Source: FDA drug label - budesonide and formoterol fumarate
Caution should be exercised when considering the coadministration of budesonide and formoterol fumarate dihydrate with long-term ketoconazole and other known strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., ritonavir, atazanavir, clarithromycin, indinavir, itraconazole, nefazodone, nelfinavir, saquinavir, telithromycin) [see Warnings and Precautions (5.9) ] .
Source: FDA drug label - budesonide and formoterol fumarate dihydrate
Caution should be exercised when considering the coadministration of budesonide inhalation suspension with long- term ketoconazole and other known strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., ritonavir, atazanavir, clarithromycin, indinavir, itraconazole, nefazodone, nelfinavir, saquinavir, telithromycin) [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.12 ), Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.3 )].
Source: FDA drug label - budesonide inhalation
Closely monitor patients for signs of reduced effectiveness when deferasirox is administered with drugs metabolized by CYP3A4 (e.g., alfentanil, aprepitant, budesonide, buspirone, conivaptan, cyclosporine, darifenacin, darunavir, dasatinib, dihydroergotamine, dronedarone, eletriptan, eplerenone, ergotamine, everolimus, felodipine, fentanyl, hormonal contraceptive agents, indinavir, fluticasone, lopinavir, lovastatin, lurasidone, maraviroc, midazolam, nisoldipine, pimozide, quetiapine, quinidine, saquinavir, sildenafil, simvastatin, sirolimus, tacrolimus, tolvaptan, tipranavir, triazolam, ticagrelor, and vardenafil) [ see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].
Source: FDA drug label - deferasirox
Increased exposure of other antiretroviral drugs (e.g., saquinavir) when used concomitantly with dexlansoprazole may increase toxicity of the antiretroviral drugs. Saquinavir : See the prescribing information for saquinavir and monitor for potential saquinavir toxicities.
Source: FDA drug label - dexlansoprazole
Administer moderate CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., saquinavir, nefazodone, fluconazole, grapefruit juice, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, zileuton, clotrimazole) with caution.
Source: FDA drug label - dihydroergotamine mesylate
Caution should be exercised when concomitantly administering CARDURA XL with a strong CYP 3A4 inhibitor, such as atazanavir, clarithromycin, indinavir, itraconazole, ketoconazole, nefazodone, nelfinavir, ritonavir, saquinavir, telithromycin, or voriconazole [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] .
Source: FDA drug label - doxazosin mesylate
7 DRUG INTERACTIONS • CYP3A Inhibitors: In post-MI HFrEF patients, do not exceed 25 mg once daily when used with moderate CYP3A inhibitors (e.g., verapamil, erythromycin, saquinavir, fluconazole).
Source: FDA drug label - eplerenone
7.2 Pharmacokinetic Drug Interactions Table 3: Effect of Fexinidazole on other Drugs Drugs Metabolized by Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4/5 Examples (not fully inclusive): Lovastatin, simvastatin, nisoldipine, saquinavir, midazolam, certain hormonal contraceptives (e.g., birth control pills, skin patches, implant) Clinical Impact Fexinidazole is considered a moderate CYP3A4/5 inducer [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] .
Source: FDA drug label - fexinidazole
Caution is recommended when administering imatinib mesylate tablets with strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole, itraconazole, clarithromycin, atazanavir, indinavir, nefazodone, nelfinavir, ritonavir, saquinavir, telithromycin, and voriconazole).
Source: FDA drug label - imatinib
Increased exposure of other antiretroviral drugs (e.g., saquinavir) when used concomitantly with lansoprazole may increase toxicity of the antiretroviral drugs. Saquinavir : See the prescribing information for saquinavir and monitor for potential saquinavir toxicities.
Source: FDA drug label - lansoprazole
Increased exposure of other antiretroviral drugs (e.g., saquinavir) when used concomitantly with lansoprazole may increase toxicity of the antiretroviral drugs. Saquinavir : See the prescribing information for saquinavir and monitor for potential saquinavir toxicities. Saquinavir (in patients with decreased renal function) Saquinavir : Both clarithromycin and saquinavir are substrates and inhibitors of CYP3A and there is evidence of a bi-directional drug interaction (see Saquinavir under “Drugs That Affect Clarithromycin Tablets” in the table below).
Source: FDA drug label - lansoprazole, amoxicillin, clarithromycin
Caution should be exercised when considering the coadministration of ASMANEX HFA with long-term ketoconazole and other known strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., ritonavir, cobicistat-containing products, atazanavir, clarithromycin, indinavir, itraconazole, nefazodone, nelfinavir, saquinavir, telithromycin) [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] .
Source: FDA drug label - mometasone furoate
Caution should be exercised when considering the coadministration of DULERA with long-term ketoconazole and other known strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., ritonavir, cobicistat-containing products, atazanavir, clarithromycin, indinavir, itraconazole, nefazodone, nelfinavir, saquinavir, telithromycin) [see Warnings and Precautions (5.8) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] .
Source: FDA drug label - mometasone furoate and formoterol fumarate dihydrate
Caution should be exercised when considering the coadministration of mometasone furoate monohydrate nasal spray with long-term ketoconazole and other known strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., ritonavir, cobicistat-containing products, atazanavir, clarithromycin, indinavir, itraconazole, nefazodone, nelfinavir, saquinavir, telithromycin) [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] .
Source: FDA drug label - mometasone furoate monohydrate
Moderate (e.g., fluconazole, atazanavir, aprepitant, diltiazem, erythromycin) and Strong (e.g., itraconazole, ketoconazole, clarithromycin, ritonavir, saquinavir) CYP3A Inhibitors Clinical Impact Increase in plasma naldemedine concentrations [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] Intervention Monitor for potential naldemedine-related adverse reactions [see Adverse Reactions (6.1) ] .
Source: FDA drug label - naldemedine
Strong CYP3A4 inhibitors include some members of the following classes: macrolide antibiotics (e.g., clarithromycin, telithromycin), HIV protease inhibitors (e.g., indinavir, nelfinavir, ritonavir, saquinavir), HCV protease inhibitors (e.g., boceprevir, telaprevir), azole antimycotics (e.g., ketoconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, voriconazole), conivaptan, delavirdine, nefazodone Nimodipine plasma concentration can also be increased in the presence of moderate and weak inhibitors of CYP3A4.
Source: FDA drug label - nimodipine
Caution should be exercised when paclitaxel is concomitantly administered with known substrates (e.g., midazolam, buspirone, felodipine, lovastatin, eletriptan, sildenafil, simvastatin, and triazolam), inhibitors (e.g., atazanavir, clarithromycin, indinavir, itraconazole, ketoconazole, nefazodone, nelfinavir, ritonavir, saquinavir, and telithromycin), and inducers (e.g., rifampin and carbamazepine) of CYP3A4. Potential interactions between paclitaxel, a substrate of CYP3A4, and protease inhibitors (ritonavir, saquinavir, indinavir, and nelfinavir), which are substrates and/or inhibitors of CYP3A4, have not been evaluated in clinical trials.
Source: FDA drug label - paclitaxel
Increased exposure of other antiretroviral drugs (e.g., saquinavir) when used concomitantly with pantoprazole may increase toxicity of the antiretroviral drugs. Saquinavir: See the prescribing information for saquinavir and monitor for potential saquinavir toxicities.
Source: FDA drug label - pantoprazole sodium delayed-release
Increased exposure of other antiretroviral drugs (e.g., saquinavir) when used concomitantly with pantoprazole may increase toxicity of the antiretroviral drugs . Saquinavir: See the prescribing information for saquinavir and monitor for potential saquinavir toxicities.
Source: FDA drug label - pantoprazole sodium granules
• Increased exposure of other antiretroviral drugs (e.g., saquinavir) when used concomitantly with pantoprazole may increase toxicity of the antiretroviral drugs. Saquinavir : See the prescribing information for saquinavir and monitor for potential saquinavir toxicities.
Source: FDA drug label - pantoprazole sodium in 0.9% sodium chloride
• Increased exposure of other antiretroviral drugs (e.g., saquinavir) when used concomitantly with rabeprazole may increase toxicity . Saquinavir : See the prescribing information for saquinavir and monitor for potential saquinavir toxicities.
Source: FDA drug label - rabeprazole sodium
Prevention or Management Saquinavir (CYP3A substrate and inhibitor) Use VOQUEZNA TRIPLE PAK with caution. See saquinavir prescribing information for instructions when saquinavir (with or without ritonavir) is co-administered with clarithromycin. Prevention or Management Saquinavir (CYP3A substrate and inhibitor) Use VOQUEZNA TRIPLE PAK with caution.
Source: FDA drug label - vonoprazan fumarate and amoxicillin
Concomitant use of strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole, itraconazole, clarithromycin, atazanavir, indinavir, nefazodone, nelfinavir, ritonavir, saquinavir, telithromycin, and voriconazole) with KADCYLA should be avoided due to the potential for an increase in DM1 exposure and toxicity.
Source: FDA drug label - ado-trastuzumab emtansine
In patients taking saquinavir plus ritonavir, darunavir plus ritonavir, fosamprenavir, fosamprenavir plus ritonavir, elbasvir plus grazoprevir or letermovir do not exceed atorvastatin 20 mg. Examples: Tipranavir plus ritonavir, glecaprevir plus pibrentasvir, lopinavir plus ritonavir, simeprevir, saquinavir plus ritonavir, darunavir plus ritonavir, fosamprenavir, fosamprenavir plus ritonavir, elbasvir plus grazoprevir, letermovir, nelfinavir, and ledipasvir plus sofosbuvir .
Source: FDA drug label - amlodipine and atorvastatin
Protease Inhibitors: saquinavir (soft gelatin capsules) ↑ saquinavir Appropriate dosing recommendations for this combination, with or without ritonavir, with respect to efficacy and safety have not been established. In a clinical study, saquinavir 1200 mg coadministered with REYATAZ 400 mg and tenofovir DF 300 mg (all given once daily), and nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors did not provide adequate efficacy [see Clinical Studies (14.2) ] .
Source: FDA drug label - atazanavir
Protease Inhibitors: saquinavir (soft gelatin capsules) ↑ saquinavir Appropriate dosing recommendations for this combination, with or without ritonavir, with respect to efficacy and safety have not been established. In a clinical study, saquinavir 1200 mg coadministered with atazanavir 400 mg and tenofovir DF 300 mg (all given once daily), and nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors did not provide adequate efficacy [see Clinical Studies (14.2)] .
Source: FDA drug label - atazanavir sulfate
• In patients taking saquinavir plus ritonavir, darunavir plus ritonavir, fosamprenavir, fosamprenavir plus ritonavir, elbasvir plus grazoprevir or letermovir, do not exceed ATORVALIQ 20 mg. Examples: Tipranavir plus ritonavir, glecaprevir plus pibrentasvir, lopinavir plus ritonavir, simeprevir, saquinavir plus ritonavir, darunavir plus ritonavir, fosamprenavir, fosamprenavir plus ritonavir, elbasvir plus grazoprevir, letermovir, nelfinavir, and ledipasvir plus sofosbuvir. Cyclosporine 5.2 mg/kg/day, stable dose 10 mg QD Once daily for 28 days 8.69 10.66 Tipranavir 500 mg BID Twice daily /ritonavir 200 mg BID , 7 days 10 mg SD Single dose 9.36 8.58 Glecaprevir 400 mg QD /pibrentasvir 120 mg QD , 7 days 10 mg QD for 7 days 8.28 22.00 Telaprevir 750 mg q8h Every 8 hours , 10 days 20 mg SD 7.88 10.60 , The dose of saquinavir plus ritonavir in this study is not the clinically used dose.
Source: FDA drug label - atorvaliq
In patients taking saquinavir plus ritonavir, darunavir plus ritonavir, fosamprenavir, fosamprenavir plus ritonavir, elbasvir plus grazoprevir or letermovir, do not exceed atorvastatin 20 mg. Examples: Tipranavir plus ritonavir, glecaprevir plus pibrentasvir, lopinavir plus ritonavir, simeprevir, saquinavir plus ritonavir, darunavir plus ritonavir, fosamprenavir, fosamprenavir plus ritonavir, elbasvir plus grazoprevir, letermovir, nelfinavir, and ledipasvir plus sofosbuvir.
Source: FDA drug label - atorvastatin calcium
Other potent inhibitors of CYP3A4 (e.g., itraconazole, clarithromycin, nefazadone, ritonavir, saquinavir, nelfinavir, indinavir, atanazavir and telithromycin) would be expected to have similar effects.
Source: FDA drug label - avanafil
Inhibitors of CYP3A4 (e.g., ketoconazole, itraconazole, ritonavir, indinavir, saquinavir, erythromycin, and cyclosporine) can increase systemic budesonide concentrations [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] .
Source: FDA drug label - budesonide
Intervention: Patients who transfer to SUBLOCADE treatment from a regimen of transmucosal buprenorphine used concomitantly with CYP3A4 inhibitors [e.g., azole antifungals such as ketoconazole, macrolide antibiotics such as erythromycin, and HIV protease inhibitors (e.g., ritonavir, indinavir, and saquinavir)] should be monitored to ensure that the plasma buprenorphine level provided by SUBLOCADE is adequate.
Source: FDA drug label - buprenorphine
Strong CYP3A inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole, itraconazole, clarithromycin, atazanavir, indinavir, nefazodone, nelfinavir, ritonavir, saquinavir, telithromycin, voriconazole) may increase plasma concentrations of cabazitaxel.
Source: FDA drug label - cabazitaxel
( 7.4 ) 7.1 CYP3A Inhibitors Cytochrome P450 inhibitors, such as ketoconazole, atazanavir, clarithromycin, indinavir, itraconazole, nefazodone, nelfinavir, ritonavir, saquinavir, telithromycin or voriconazole, may inhibit enzymes involved in vitamin D metabolism (CYP24A1 and CYP27B1), and may alter serum levels of calcifediol.
Source: FDA drug label - calcifediol
Saquinavir Both clarithromycin and saquinavir are substrates and inhibitors of CYP3A and there is evidence of a bi-directional drug interaction. Following administration of clarithromycin (500 mg bid) and saquinavir (soft gelatin capsules, 1200 mg tid) to 12 healthy volunteers, the steady-state saquinavir AUC and C max increased 177% and 187% respectively compared to administration of saquinavir alone. No dose adjustment of clarithromycin is necessary when clarithromycin is co-administered with saquinavir in patients with normal renal function.
Source: FDA drug label - clarithromycin
7.3 Established and Other Potentially Significant Interactions Coadministration of TYBOST with fosamprenavir, saquinavir, or tipranavir is not recommended because pharmacokinetic data are not available to provide appropriate dosing recommendations.
Source: FDA drug label - cobicistat
Table 1: Drug Interactions Drug class Outcome/effect Clinical comment Strong CYP3A4 Inhibitors † atazanavir clarithromycin darunavir/ritonavir indinavir itraconazole ketoconazole lopinavir/ritonavir nefazodone nelfinavir ritonavir saquinavir telithromycin tipranavir/ritonavir Significant increases in colchicine plasma levels [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)] .
Source: FDA drug label - colchicine tablets 0.5 mg
Drugs That Increase Cyclosporine Concentrations Calcium Channel Blockers Antifungals Antibiotics Glucocorticoids Other Drugs diltiazem fluconazole azithromycin methylprednisolone Allopurinol nicardipine itraconazole clarithromycin Amiodarone verapamil ketoconazole erythromycin Bromocriptine voriconazole quinupristin/ dalfopristin colchicine danazol imatinib metoclopramide nefazodone oral contraceptives HIV Protease inhibitors The HIV protease inhibitors (e.g., indinavir, nelfinavir, ritonavir, and saquinavir) are known to inhibit cytochrome P-450 3A and thus could potentially increase the concentrations of cyclosporine, however no formal studies of the interaction are available.
Source: FDA drug label - cyclosporine
Similar significant increases in plasma concentrations of saxagliptin are anticipated with other strong CYP3A4/5 inhibitors (e.g., atazanavir, clarithromycin, indinavir, itraconazole, nefazodone, nelfinavir, ritonavir, saquinavir, and telithromycin).
Source: FDA drug label - dapagliflozin and saxagliptin
saquinavir ↓ darunavir ↔saquinavir Appropriate doses of the combination have not been established. Hence, it is not recommended to co-administer saquinavir and darunavir, with or without ritonavir.
Source: FDA drug label - darunavir
saquinavir ↓ darunavir ↔ saquinavir Appropriate doses of the combination have not been established. Hence, it is not recommended to co-administer saquinavir and darunavir, with or without ritonavir.
Source: FDA drug label - darunavir 600 mg
Conivaptan 33% 43% Diltiazem 20% NA Indomethacin 40% NA Mirabegron 29% 27% Nefazodone 27% 15% Nifedipine 45% NA Propantheline 24% 24% Quinine NA 33% Rabeprazole 29% 19% Saquinavir 27% 49% Spironolactone 25% NA Telmisartan 20 to 49% NA Tricagrelor 31% 28% Tolvaptan 30% 20% Trimethoprim 22 to 28% NA Digoxin concentrations increased, but magnitude is unclear Alprazolam, azithromycin, cyclosporine, diclofenac, diphenoxylate, epoprostenol, esomeprazole, ibuprofen, ketoconazole, lansoprazole, metformin, omeprazole Measure serum digoxin concentrations before initiating concomitant drugs.
Source: FDA drug label - digoxin
Protease inhibitor: Saquinavir ↓ saquinavir * Appropriate doses of the combination of efavirenz and saquinavir/ritonavir with respect to safety and efficacy have not been established.
Source: FDA drug label - efavirenz
Protease inhibitor: saquinavir ↓ saquinavir Appropriate doses of the combination of EFV and saquinavir/ritonavir with respect to safety and efficacy have not been established.
Source: FDA drug label - efavirenz, emtricitabine and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate
Co-administration of saquinavir with proton pump inhibitors is expected to increase saquinavir concentrations, which may increase toxicity and require dose reduction. Increased concentrations of saquinavir For other antiretroviral drugs, such as saquinavir, elevated serum levels have been reported, with an increase in AUC by 82%, in Cmax by 75%, and in Cmin by 106%, following multiple dosing of saquinavir/ritonavir (1,000/100 mg) twice daily for 15 days with omeprazole 40 mg daily co-administered days 11 to 15. Therefore, clinical and laboratory monitoring for saquinavir toxicity is recommended during concurrent use with esomeprazole magnesium delayed-release capsules.
Source: FDA drug label - esomeprazole dr
Increased exposure of other antiretroviral drugs (e.g., saquinavir) when used concomitantly with esomeprazole may increase toxicity [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ]. Saquinavir: See the prescribing information for saquinavir for monitoring of potential saquinavir-related toxicities.
Source: FDA drug label - esomeprazole magnesium
• Increased exposure of other antiretroviral drugs (e.g., saquinavir) when used concomitantly with esomeprazole may increase toxicity [see Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.3 ) ]. Saquinavir: See the prescribing information for saquinavir for monitoring of potential saquinavir-related toxicities.
Source: FDA drug label - esomeprazole magnesium delayed release capsules
Increased exposure of other antiretroviral drugs (e.g., saquinavir) when used concomitantly with esomeprazole may increase toxicity [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ]. Saquinavir : See the prescribing information for saquinavir for monitoring of potential saquinavir-related toxicities.
Source: FDA drug label - esomeprazole sodium
Coadministration of saquinavir with proton pump inhibitors is expected to increase saquinavir concentrations, which may increase toxicity and require dose reduction. Increased concentrations of saquinavir For other antiretroviral drugs, such as saquinavir, elevated serum levels have been reported, with an increase in AUC by 82%, in C max by 75%, and in C min by 106%, following multiple dosing of saquinavir/ritonavir (1000/100 mg) twice daily for 15 days with omeprazole 40 mg daily coadministered days 11 to 15. Therefore, clinical and laboratory monitoring for saquinavir toxicity is recommended during concurrent use with esomeprazole.
Source: FDA drug label - esomeprazole strontium
nelfinavir (without ritonavir) ritonavir saquinavir/ritonavir tipranavir/ritonavir ↑ nelfinavir ↓ etravirine ↓ etravirine ↓ etravirine Concomitant use of etravirine tablets with nelfinavir without low- dose ritonavir may cause a significant alteration in the plasma concentration of nelfinavir. The mean systemic exposure (AUC) of etravirine was reduced when etravirine tablets were co-administered with saquinavir/ ritonavir. Because the reduction in the mean systemic exposures of etravirine in the presence of saquinavir/ritonavir is similar to the reduction in mean systemic exposures of etravirine in the presence of darunavir/ritonavir, etravirine tablets and saquinavir/ritonavir can be co-administered without dose adjustments.
Source: FDA drug label - etravirine
(See CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY: Drug Interaction Studies .) Saquinavir : Fluconazole increases the AUC of saquinavir by approximately 50%, C max by approximately 55%, and decreases the clearance of saquinavir by approximately 50% due to inhibition of saquinavir’s hepatic metabolism by CYP3A4 and inhibition of P-glycoprotein. Dosage adjustment of saquinavir may be necessary.
Source: FDA drug label - fluconazole
The use of strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., ritonavir, atazanavir, clarithromycin, indinavir, itraconazole, nefazodone, nelfinavir, saquinavir, ketoconazole, telithromycin) with FLOVENT DISKUS is not recommended because increased systemic corticosteroid adverse effects may occur.
Source: FDA drug label - fluticasone propionate
The use of strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., ritonavir, atazanavir, clarithromycin, indinavir, itraconazole, nefazodone, nelfinavir, saquinavir, ketoconazole, telithromycin) with Fluticasone Propionate/Salmeterol MDPI is not recommended because increased systemic corticosteroid and increased cardiovascular adverse effects may occur. The use of strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., ritonavir, atazanavir, clarithromycin, indinavir, itraconazole, nefazodone, nelfinavir, saquinavir, ketoconazole, telithromycin) with Fluticasone Propionate/Salmeterol MDPI is not recommended because increased systemic corticosteroid and increased cardiovascular adverse effects may occur.
Source: FDA drug label - fluticasone propionate and salmeterol xinafoate
HIV protease inhibitor: Saquinavir a Fosamprenavir calcium: ↓ Amprenavir Effect on saquinavir is not well established.
Source: FDA drug label - fosamprenavir calcium
Abnormal renal function has been observed in clinical practice during the use of foscarnet sodium and ritonavir, or foscarnet sodium, ritonavir, and saquinavir.
Source: FDA drug label - foscarnet sodium
Carbamazepine, felbamate, lamotrigine, topiramate, oxcarbazepine, lacosamide Antiplatelets Ticagrelor Antilipidemic agents Atorvastatin, fluvastatin, simvastatin Antiviral agents Efavirenz, lopinavir/ritonavir, indinavir, nelfinavir, ritonavir, saquinavir Fosamprenavir: phenytoin when given with fosamprenavir alone may decrease the concentration of amprenavir, the active metabolite.
Source: FDA drug label - fosphenytoin sodium
Coadministration of irinotecan hydrochloride with other inhibitors of CYP3A4 (e.g., clarithromycin, indinavir, itraconazole, lopinavir, nefazodone, nelfinavir, ritonavir, saquinavir, telaprevir, voriconazole) or UGT1A1 (e.g., atazanavir, gemfibrozil, indinavir) may increase systemic exposure to irinotecan or SN-38.
Source: FDA drug label - irinotecan hydrochloride
Antivirals simeprevir maraviroc, indinavir, ritonavir, saquinavir Indinavir, ritonavir: See also under ‘Drugs that may increase itraconazole plasma concentrations’.
Source: FDA drug label - itraconazole
Co-administration of other strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., ritonavir, atazanavir, clarithromycin, indinavir, itraconazole, nefazodone, nelfinavir, saquinavir, telithromycin, cobicistat-containing products) with triamcinolone acetonide injectable suspension may cause increased plasma concentration of triamcinolone leading to adverse reactions (see ADVERSE REACTIONS ).
Source: FDA drug label - kenalog
Antivirals indinavir, maraviroc, saquinavir Beta Blockers nadolol Calcium Channel Blockers felodipine, nisoldipine other dihydropyridines, verapamil Calcium channel blockers can have a negative inotropic effect which may be additive to those of ketoconazole.
Source: FDA drug label - ketoconazole
Examples Alfentanil, avanafil, buspirone, conivaptan b , dabigatran etexilate, darifenacin, darunavir, digoxin, ebastine, everolimus, fexofenadine, ibrutinib, lomitapide, lovastatin, lurasidone, midazolam, naloxegol, nisoldipine, saquinavir, simvastatin, sirolimus, tacrolimus, tipranavir b , triazolam, and vardenafil. Examples Antivirals (e.g., ritonavir, ritonavir-boosted darunavir, ritonavir-boosted fosamprenavir, saquinavir) Glucocorticoid and progesterone receptor antagonists (e.g., mifepristone) Strong CYP3A4 Inducers Clinical Impact May decrease plasma concentrations of levoketoconazole and reduce the efficacy of RECORLEV Prevention or Management Administration of strong enzyme inducers of CYP3A4 with RECORLEV is not recommended.
Source: FDA drug label - levoketoconazole
Effects of Loperamide on Other Drugs Saquinavir When a single 16 mg dose of loperamide hydrochloride is coadministered with a 600 mg single dose of saquinavir, loperamide decreased saquinavir exposure by 54%, which may be of clinical relevance due to reduction of therapeutic efficacy of saquinavir. The effect of saquinavir on loperamide is of less clinical significance. Therefore, when loperamide hydrochloride capsules are given with saquinavir, the therapeutic efficacy of saquinavir should be closely monitored.
Source: FDA drug label - loperamide hydrochloride
HIV-1 Protease Inhibitor: saquinavir ↑ saquinavir The saquinavir dose is 1000 mg twice daily, when co-administered with lopinavir and ritonavir 400/100 mg twice daily. Lopinavir and ritonavir once daily has not been studied in combination with saquinavir.
Source: FDA drug label - lopinavir and ritonavir
Co-administration of other strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., ritonavir, atazanavir, clarithromycin, indinavir, itraconazole, nefazodone, nelfinavir, saquinavir, telithromycin, cobicistat-containing products) with triamcinolone acetonide injectable suspension may cause increased plasma concentration of triamcinolone leading to adverse reactions (see ADVERSE REACTIONS ).
Source: FDA drug label - marcaine, kenalog, povidone iodine
Co-administration of other strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., ritonavir, atazanavir, clarithromycin, indinavir, itraconazole, nefazodone, nelfinavir, saquinavir, telithromycin, cobicistat-containing products) with triamcinolone acetonide injectable suspension may cause increased plasma concentration of triamcinolone leading to adverse reactions (see ADVERSE REACTIONS ).
Source: FDA drug label - marcaine, lidocaine, kenalog, povidone iodine
Paradoxical Effects of Anti-Retroviral Agents on Methadone Concurrent use of certain protease inhibitors with CYP3A4 inhibitory activity, alone and in combination, such as abacavir, amprenavir, darunavir+ritonavir, efavirenz, nelfinavir, nevirapine, ritonavir, telaprevir, lopinavir+ritonavir, saquinavir+ritonavir, and tipranvir+ritonavir, has resulted in increased clearance or decreased plasma levels of methadone.
Source: FDA drug label - methadone hydrochloride
Examples of some of the strong CYP 3A4 inhibitors include saquinavir grapefruit juice, nefazodone, macrolide antibiotics (e.g., troleandomycin, clarithromycin), HIV protease or reverse transcriptase inhibitors (e.g., ritonavir, indinavir, nelfinavir) or azole antifungals (e.g., ketoconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole).
Source: FDA drug label - methylergonovine
Less potent inhibitors include saquinavir, nefazodone, fluconazole, grapefruit juice, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, zileuton, and clotrimazole.
Source: FDA drug label - methylergonovine maleate
In a placebo-controlled study where saquinavir or placebo was administered orally as a 1200 mg dose, three times a day, for 5 days (n=12), a 56% reduction in the clearance of midazolam following a single 0.05 mg/kg IV dose was observed.
Source: FDA drug label - midazolam
In a placebo-controlled study, saquinavir administered as a 1200 mg dose, tid, for 5 days (n=12), a 56% reduction in the clearance of midazolam following a single 0.05 mg/kg IV dose was observed.
Source: FDA drug label - midazolam hydrochloride
7.3 Saquinavir In a placebo-controlled study, saquinavir administered as a 1200 mg dose, tid, for 5 days (n=12), a 56% reduction in the clearance of midazolam following a single 0.05 mg/kg intravenous dose was observed.
Source: FDA drug label - midazolam in 0.8% sodium chloride
Ketoconazole and other strong inhibitors of CYP3A, such as itraconazole, nefazodone, ritonavir, nelfinavir, indinavir, atazanavir, amprenavir and fosamprenavir, clarithromycin, conivaptan, lopinavir /ritonavir, posaconazole, saquinavir, telithromycin, or voriconazole may increase exposure to mifepristone.
Source: FDA drug label - mifepristone
• Increased exposure of other antiretroviral drugs (e.g., saquinavir) when used concomitantly with esomeprazole magnesium may increase toxicity [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] . S aquinavir: See the prescribing information for saquinavir for monitoring of potential saquinavir-related toxicities.
Source: FDA drug label - naproxen and esomeprazole magnesium
Saquinavir ↑ nelfinavir ↑ saquinavir Concentrations of both saquinavir and nelfinavir were increased when the two agents were coadministered.
Source: FDA drug label - nelfinavir mesylate
Saquinavir/Ritonavir The interaction between nevirapine and saquinavir/ritonavir has not been evaluated The appropriate doses of the combination of nevirapine and saquinavir/ritonavir with respect to safety and efficacy have not been established.
Source: FDA drug label - nevirapine
CYP3A Inhibitors CYP3A inhibitors such as ketoconazole, fluconazole, itraconazole, clarithromycin, erythromycin (Azithromycin, although structurally related to the class of macrolide antibiotic is void of clinically relevant CYP3A4 inhibition), grapefruit, nefazodone, fluoxetine, saquinavir, indinavir, nelfinavir, and ritonavir may result in increased exposure to nifedipine when co-administered.
Source: FDA drug label - nifedipine
• Increased exposure of other antiretroviral drugs (e.g., saquinavir) when used concomitantly with omeprazole may increase toxicity [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ]. Saquinavir: See the prescribing information for saquinavir for monitoring of potential saquinavir-related toxicities.
Source: FDA drug label - omeprazole
Increased exposure of other antiretroviral drugs (e.g., saquinavir) when used concomitantly with omeprazole may increase toxicity [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] . Saquinavir: See the prescribing information for saquinavir for monitoring of potential saquinavir-related toxicities.
Source: FDA drug label - omeprazole and sodium bicarbonate
• Increased exposure of other antiretroviral drugs (e.g., saquinavir) when used concomitantly with omeprazole may increase toxicity [see Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.3 )]. Saquinavir : See the prescribing information for saquinavir for monitoring of potential saquinavir-related toxicities.
Source: FDA drug label - omeprazole magnesium
• Increased exposure of other antiretroviral drugs (e.g., saquinavir) when used concomitantly with pantoprazole sodium may increase toxicity . Saquinavir: See the prescribing information for saquinavir for monitoring of potential saquinavir-related toxicities.
Source: FDA drug label - pantoprazole
Increased exposure of other antiretroviral drugs (e.g., saquinavir) when used concomitantly with Pantoprazole may increase toxicity . Saquinavir: See the prescribing information for saquinavir for monitoring of potential saquinavir-related toxicities.
Source: FDA drug label - pantoprazole sodium
Hence, exposure of paricalcitol will increase upon coadministration with strong CYP3A inhibitors such as but not limited to: boceprevir, clarithromycin, conivaptan, grapefruit juice, indinavir, itraconazole, ketoconazole, lopinavir/ritonavir, mibefradil, nefazodone, nelfinavir, posaconazole, ritonavir, saquinavir, telaprevir, telithromycin, voriconazole.
Source: FDA drug label - paricalcitol
Warfarin Increased and decreased PT/INR responses have been reported when phenytoin is coadministered with warfarin Other Corticosteroids, doxycycline, estrogens, furosemide, oral contraceptives, paroxetine, quinidine, rifampin, sertraline, theophylline, and vitamin D Drugs whose level is decreased by phenytoin Anticoagulants Apixaban, dabigatran, edoxaban, rivaroxaban Antiepileptic drugs The effect of phenytoin on phenobarbital, valproic acid and sodium valproate serum levels is unpredictable Carbamazepine, felbamate, lacosamide, lamotrigine, topiramate, oxcarbazepine Antilipidemic agents Atorvastatin, fluvastatin, simvastatin Antiplatelets Ticagrelor Antiviral agents Efavirenz, lopinavir/ritonavir, indinavir, nelfinavir, ritonavir, saquinavir Fosamprenavir: phenytoin when given with fosamprenavir alone may decrease the concentration of amprenavir, the active metabolite.
Source: FDA drug label - phenytoin
Warfarin Increased and decreased PT/INR responses have been reported when phenytoin is coadministered with warfarin Other Corticosteroids, doxycycline, estrogens, furosemide, oral contraceptives, paroxetine, quinidine, rifampin, sertraline, theophylline, and vitamin D Drugs whose level is decreased by phenytoin Antiepileptic drugs a Carbamazepine, felbamate, lamotrigine, topiramate, oxcarbazepine Antilipidemic agents Atorvastatin, fluvastatin, simvastatin Antiviral agents Efavirenz, lopinavir/ritonavir, indinavir, nelfinavir, ritonavir, saquinavir Fosamprenavir: phenytoin when given with fosamprenavir alone may decrease the concentration of amprenavir, the active metabolite.
Source: FDA drug label - phenytoin sodium
(7.6) 7.1 CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 Inhibitors Drugs that inhibit CYP2D6 (such as desipramine, paroxetine, ritonavir, sertraline) and CYP3A4 (such as ketoconazole, ritonavir, saquinavir, erythromycin, grapefruit juice) can be expected to cause increased plasma levels of propafenone.
Source: FDA drug label - propafenone
(7.6) 7.1 CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 Inhibitors Drugs that inhibit CYP2D6 (such as desipramine, paroxetine, ritonavir, sertraline) and CYP3A4 (such as ketoconazole, ritonavir, saquinavir, erythromycin, grapefruit juice) can be expected to cause increased plasma levels of propafenone.
Source: FDA drug label - propafenone hydrochloride
This effect may reduce the efficacy of standard doses of such drugs, which include itraconazole, clarithromycin, and saquinavir. Saquinavir/ ritonavir 1000/100 mg twice a day for 14 or 22 days 150 mg every 3 days for 21-22 days Healthy subjects ↑ AUC by 53% d ↑ C max by 88% (n=11) ↓ AUC by 13%, ↓ C max by 15%, (n=19) Reduce rifabutin dose by at least 75% (to a maximum 150 mg every other day or three times per week) when given with saquinavir/ritonavir combination.
Source: FDA drug label - rifabutin
Other boosted PIs (atazanavir/ritonavir, fosamprenavir/ritonavir, saquinavir/ritonavir, tipranavir/ritonavir) ↑ rilpivirine ↔ boosted PI Concomitant use of rilpivirine tablets with boosted PIs may cause an increase in the plasma concentrations of rilpivirine (inhibition of CYP3A enzymes).
Source: FDA drug label - rilpivirine
Other boosted PIs (atazanavir/ritonavir, fosamprenavir/ritonavir, saquinavir/ritonavir, tipranavir/ritonavir) ↑ rilpivirine ↔ boosted PI Concomitant use of EDURANT or EDURANT PED with boosted PIs may cause an increase in the plasma concentrations of rilpivirine (inhibition of CYP3A enzymes).
Source: FDA drug label - rilpivirine hydrochloride
Examples Boceprevir, clarithromycin, cobicistat, conivaptan, danoprevir and ritonavir, diltiazem, elvitegravir and ritonavir, grapefruit juice a , idelalisib, indinavir and ritonavir, itraconazole, ketoconazole, lopinavir and ritonavir, nefazodone, nelfinavir, paritaprevir and ritonavir and (ombitasvir and/or dasabuvir), posaconazole, ritonavir, saquinavir and ritonavir, tipranavir and ritonavir, troleandomycin, voriconazole Strong CYP3A Inducers Clinical Impact Coadministration of RYDAPT with strong CYP3A inducers may decrease midostaurin concentrations [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].
Source: FDA drug label - rydapt
The use of strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., ritonavir, atazanavir, clarithromycin, indinavir, itraconazole, nefazodone, nelfinavir, saquinavir, ketoconazole, telithromycin) with SEREVENT DISKUS is not recommended because increased cardiovascular adverse effects may occur.
Source: FDA drug label - salmeterol xinafoate
Similar significant increases in plasma concentrations of saxagliptin are anticipated with other strong CYP3A4/5 inhibitors (e.g., atazanavir, clarithromycin, indinavir, itraconazole, nefazodone, nelfinavir, ritonavir, saquinavir, and telithromycin).
Source: FDA drug label - saxagliptin
Similar significant increases in plasma concentrations of saxagliptin are anticipated with other strong CYP3A4/5 inhibitors (e.g., atazanavir, clarithromycin, indinavir, itraconazole, nefazodone, nelfinavir, ritonavir, saquinavir, and telithromycin).
Source: FDA drug label - saxagliptin and metformin hydrochloride
( 2.4 , 5.6 ) Erythromycin or strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole, itraconazole, saquinavir): Consider a starting dose of 25 mg. Co-administration of saquinavir, a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor, resulted in 140% and 210% increases in sildenafil C max and AUC, respectively. Stronger CYP3A4 inhibitors such as ketoconazole or itraconazole could be expected to have greater effects than seen with saquinavir.
Source: FDA drug label - sildenafil
( 2.2 , 5.6 ) Erythromycin or strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole, itraconazole, saquinavir): Consider a starting dose of 25 mg. Co-administration of saquinavir, a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor, resulted in 140% and 210% increases in sildenafil Cmax and AUC, respectively. Stronger CYP3A4 inhibitors such as ketoconazole or itraconazole could be expected to have greater effects than seen with saquinavir.
Source: FDA drug label - sildenafil citrate
CYP3A Inhibitors Concomitant use of BELSOMRA with strong inhibitors of CYP3A (e.g., ketoconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, clarithromycin, nefazodone, ritonavir, saquinavir, nelfinavir, indinavir, boceprevir, telaprevir, telithromycin and conivaptan) is not recommended [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ].
Source: FDA drug label - suvorexant
Lopinavir ↓ Lopinavir Saquinavir ↓ Saquinavir Protease Inhibitors (co-administered with 100 mg of ritonavir): Atazanavir ↓ Atazanavir ↑ Tipranavir Virus Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors (INSTI): Raltegravir ↓ Raltegravir No dose adjustment is needed for 400 mg twice daily dosing regimen of raltegravir.
Source: FDA drug label - tipranavir
The administration of FARESTON with agents that are strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole, itraconazole, clarithromycin, atazanavir, indinavir, nefazodone, nelfinavir, ritonavir, saquinavir, telithromycin, and voriconazole) increase the steady-state concentration in serum and should be avoided.
Source: FDA drug label - toremifene citrate
Co-administration of other strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., ritonavir, atazanavir, clarithromycin, indinavir, itraconazole, nefazodone, nelfinavir, saquinavir, telithromycin, cobicistat-containing products) with Kenalog-40 Injection may cause increased plasma concentration of triamcinolone leading to adverse reactions.
Source: FDA drug label - triamcinolone acetonide
Table 2: Examples of CYP450 Interactions with Warfarin Enzyme Inhibitors Inducers CYP2C9 amiodarone, capecitabine, cotrimoxazole, etravirine, fluconazole, fluvastatin, fluvoxamine, metronidazole, miconazole, oxandrolone, sulfinpyrazone, tigecycline, voriconazole, zafirlukast aprepitant, bosentan, carbamazepine, phenobarbital, rifampin CYP1A2 acyclovir, allopurinol, caffeine, cimetidine, ciprofloxacin, disulfiram, enoxacin, famotidine, fluvoxamine, methoxsalen, mexiletine, norfloxacin, oral contraceptives, phenylpropanolamine, propafenone, propranolol, terbinafine, thiabendazole, ticlopidine, verapamil, zileuton montelukast, moricizine, omeprazole, phenobarbital, phenytoin, cigarette smoking CYP3A4 alprazolam, amiodarone, amlodipine, amprenavir, aprepitant, atorvastatin, atazanavir, bicalutamide, cilostazol, cimetidine, ciprofloxacin, clarithromycin, conivaptan, cyclosporine, darunavir/ritonavir, diltiazem, erythromycin, fluconazole, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, fosamprenavir, imatinib, indinavir, isoniazid, itraconazole, ketoconazole, lopinavir/ritonavir, nefazodone, nelfinavir, nilotinib, oral contraceptives, posaconazole, ranitidine, ranolazine, ritonavir, saquinavir, telithromycin, tipranavir, voriconazole, zileuton armodafinil, amprenavir, aprepitant, bosentan, carbamazepine, efavirenz, etravirine, modafinil, nafcillin, phenytoin, pioglitazone, prednisone, rifampin, rufinamide 7.3 Drugs that Increase Bleeding Risk Examples of drugs known to increase the risk of bleeding are presented in Table 3.
Source: FDA drug label - warfarin
Table 2: Examples of CYP450 Interactions with Warfarin Enzyme Inhibitors Inducers CYP2C9 amiodarone, capecitabine, cotrimoxazole, etravirine, fluconazole, fluvastatin, fluvoxamine, metronidazole, miconazole, oxandrolone, sulfinpyrazone, tigecycline, voriconazole, zafirlukast aprepitant, bosentan, carbamazepine, phenobarbital, rifampin CYP1A2 acyclovir, allopurinol, caffeine, cimetidine, ciprofloxacin, disulfiram, enoxacin, famotidine, fluvoxamine, methoxsalen, mexiletine, norfloxacin, oral contraceptives, phenylpropanolamine, propafenone, propranolol, terbinafine, thiabendazole, ticlopidine, verapamil, zileuton montelukast, moricizine, omeprazole, phenobarbital, phenytoin, cigarette smoking CYP3A4 alprazolam, amiodarone, amlodipine, amprenavir, aprepitant, atorvastatin, atazanavir, bicalutamide, cilostazol, cimetidine, ciprofloxacin, clarithromycin, conivaptan, cyclosporine, darunavir/ritonavir, diltiazem, erythromycin, fluconazole, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, fosamprenavir, imatinib, indinavir, isoniazid, itraconazole, ketoconazole, lopinavir/ritonavir, nefazodone, nelfinavir, nilotinib, oral contraceptives, posaconazole, ranitidine, ranolazine, ritonavir, saquinavir, telithromycin, tipranavir, voriconazole, zileuton armodafinil, amprenavir, aprepitant, bosentan, carbamazepine, efavirenz, etravirine, modafinil, nafcillin, phenytoin, pioglitazone, prednisone, rifampin, rufinamide 7.3 Drugs that Increase Bleeding Risk Examples of drugs known to increase the risk of bleeding are presented in Table 3 .
Source: FDA drug label - warfarin sodium